Parallelepiped structure with block form, artificially made of concrete

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present invention is to give a set of solution for linkage of uses of a Parallelepiped structure with block form, Artificially made of Concrete that eliminates the risk of assembly because of its rectangular parallelepiped form mixed with curvilinear, which gives a conventional prefabricated construction element, corner or finishing pieces and interlocking canal (inner joining block, inner locking, or locking element) of different densities, resistances and levels of isolation using the interlocking connection, which allows us to construct more resistant walls with faster construction, lowering the down time of construction, Parallelepiped Structure with Block form Artificially made of Concrete, comprehends of or includes the following blocks ( 1 A), ( 2 B) and ( 3 C) as well as its assembly process. 
     As claimed in 1, block ( 1 A), because it is characterized for containing the following elements ( 1 ), two ( 3 ), ( 4 ), ( 5 ), two ( 6 ), ( 7 ) and ( 4.1 ), ( 1.1 ), which give a peculiar and proper design.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is to give a set of solutions of connections of uses of a parallelepiped structure with block form, artificially made of concrete that eliminates the risk of assembly due to its mixed curvilinear parallelepiped rectangle form, which gives conventional prefabricated construction elements, parts or pieces of corners or finishes and interlocking canal (inner joining block, or interlocking element, that wilt be referred to as interlocking canal throughout) of different densities, resistances and levels of isolation using the interlocking connection, which allows us to construct more resistant walls with faster construction, lowering the down time of construction, these structural elements can be inter assembled to optimize the use of stowage and transport obtaining a diminishment in loss because of these operational movements.

Promoting the construction of homes that incorporate materials of the region in accordance with the climatic and geographical conditions, as well as promoting the incorporation of superior quality construction materials of the current new auto construction homes, improvement, and expansion.

The national housing program publicized on Apr. 30, 2014, it is estimated that 32% of the gas emission of the greenhouse effect that are generated in the country originate from housing, therefore, the construction of housing meet the strict parameter's to such an effect, a great part of the energy consumption of housing is used to warm and cool the interiors this is due to the walls being made of materials that are not insulated, however in order to reduce this consumption in accordance to the norms NOMX 460 and 020 of the Mexican Official and Voluntary Norms that are integrated to the Mexico IECC, the materials to produce elevate housing cost significantly, it is known that the production of clay brick is manufactured with the burning of organic elements with fossil fuels and plant origin, in some cases with automotive tires producing great quantities of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide like highly contaminating particles, it is because of this that construction at a global level tends to have prefabricated elements. The type of construction of load-bearing walls and divisions, which are used now a day in the construction industry, is made using blocks, which are joined using a mix of sand and cement, known as mortar, and is consolidated with pillar or columns of concrete at the intersections and sometimes spaced out to discretion at certain longitude or length walls. The present invention consists of a Parallelepiped Structure with Block form, Artificially Made Of Concrete which are used as a new system of concrete blocks, diminishing the use of mortar, the pillar or columns can be eliminated and traditional closing at doors and windows, due to the holding of the metallic structure in its interior and its special interstices surface designed on the block, that give construction a grade of solidarity, that go above and beyond the values that are marked by the NOMX norms of construction; in addition they are compatible with any other wall and slab system.

The current technologies and principles that are being used to construct or are trying to resolve the problem of bettering the resistance of the materials, the speed of construction, the systems of block construction, like the isolation of noise and interior temperature, the following are similar patents:

The patent MXNL02000030A, date of presentation Nov. 4, 2002, inventor Epifanio Sanchez Tirado, integral System of Structural Construction of Walls with Blocks Side by Side without the Use of Mortar, and Slab Lightened with Auto-Support. It has to do with a “Constructive System, for self-supported structural walls and lightened slab” that in comparison with the rest of the known constructive systems, results notably more economic, faster, and more efficient, even against hurricane winds and the telluric movements, as well as in extreme climates. Following the steps in a simple instruction, does not require specialized labor, which contributes to the feasibility and acceleration of all the social programs of the improvement of housing.

The patent MX 2007009910 A, date of presentation Aug. 15, 2007, inventor Juan Manuel Gutierrez Muñoz, Gildardo Sanchez, Constructive System from Plastic Blocks, the present invention refers to a construction plastic block, with coupling arrangements with other is similar blocks, characterized because each construction block is hollow and has interior structural posts that allow the passing of electrical hydraulic installation, the block includes means that allow the passage of rods to reinforce the coupling of the blocks among each other. This allows for the construction of panels with the multiple blocks. The invention also describes a construction system, using the before mentioned plastic blocks, in this construction system, the blocks are ordered in an interlocking assembly that looks reinforced due to the convex protrusions and concave depressions formed by the sides of the blocks. The constructive system involves the use of rigid canals in a “U” shape that support the canal of the blocks forming the panel. The panels can be previously formed and transported to the construction site, to conform to the first modality of the invention or the panels can be put together at the construction site, to conform to the second modality. The construction system results interesting in its combustion, in comparison to traditional construction systems, resulting in a lighter structure and also eliminates labor work substantially for the wall construction process.

The patent WO 2013/022329 A1, date of international publication Feb. 14, 2013, inventor Cortes Martinez, Leonardo. The present invention refers to a wall construction system based on prefabricated blocks that ensemble in an interlocking system; characterized for having blocks for foundations, wall blocks, and blocks for finishing or closing; the foundation and wall blocks have a rectangular prism shape with a vertically centered canal on one of the lateral sides and a vertically centered border on the opposite lateral side, having on its inferior side a longitudinal central border and two spaced transversal borders. The wall blocks have on its superior side a central longitudinal canal and two spaced transversal borders. The foundation block has a superior/top side a central longitudinal canal and three separated transversal canals. The termination or closing block has a substantially cubed shape that has two central-canals on its superior side that are crossed defining a cross and on the inferior side it has two central borders that are crossed defining another cross, it has a central vertical canal on one of the lateral sides and a vertical border on the opposing lateral side. The present invention Parallelepiped Structure in Form of a Block, Artificially Made of Concrete, which is characterized for having three distinct blocks 1A, 2B, and 3C, each of which are formed with structural form characteristics like its material formulating the present invention, those of which have not been described in the before mentioned patents, because of this the Parallelepiped Structure in Form of a Block, Artificially Made of Concrete invention resolves and improves many processes of the construction. The resistance of the interlocking connection structural elements ranges from 90 KgF/m2 to 95 KgF/cm2, with at least 50% less heat transfer than the traditional concrete blocks, additionally it reduces the use of mortar in it building process and it gives a regular surface porosity for the efficient use of esthetic finishes. This improves the noise reduction to the interior of the wall by the 1A, 2B, and 3C elements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to give better understanding of the present invention, a brief description of the figures is given, this allows for visualization of the structural configurations of the blocks 1A, 2B and 3C.

FIG. 1A, shows the block (1A) with an isometric view with its particular and proper characteristics there marked with the forms consisting of (1), (3), (4), (5), and (6).

FIG. 2A, shows a lateral view of the block (1A) with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms there marked as (3) and (7).

FIG. 3A, shows the frontal part of the block (1A) with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms there marked (6) and (7).

FIG. 4A, the flat part of the block is shown (1A) with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms there marked (1), (3), (4) and (5).

FIG. 5A, the bottom part of the block is shown (1A) with its particular and proper forms there marked (1.1), (3), (4.1) and (5).

FIG. 6B, shows block (2B), where the isometric view is noticeable with its particular and proper characteristics of the form there marked (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (8).

FIG. 7B, shows block (2B), the lateral side is shown with its particular and proper Characteristics of its forms there marked (3) and (7).

FIG. 8B, shows block (2B), the front view is visible (1A) with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms there marked (7) y (8).

FIG. 9B, shows block (2B), the top or over view is noticeable with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms there marked (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5).

FIG. 10B, shows block (2B), the bottom view is displayed with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms marked (1.1), (2), (3), (4.1) and (5).

FIG. 1C, shows block (3C), the isometric view is shown with its particular and proper characteristics of its forms there marked (3), (9) and (12).

FIG. 12C, the block (3C) is shown, the lateral view is displayed with its particular and proper characteristics there marked (3), (10) and (11).

FIG. 13C, block (3C) is shown, the front view is appraised with its particular and proper . forms there marked (12).

FIG. 14C, block (3C) is shown, the bottom view is appraised with its particular and proper forms there marked (1.1), (2), (3), and (4.1).

FIG. 15C, the block (3C) is shown, the top view is appraised with its particular and proper forms there marked (3), (5), (9), (10), and (13).

FIG. 16, demonstrates the use or the block system (1A) and (2B).

FIG. 17, demonstrates the block system (1A), (2B) and (3C) with steel interlock (4D).

FIG. 18, a drawn isometric example of closing block usage is shown in a detached or separated mariner (3C).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the following paragraphs numerous details are given to provide specific details to the complete comprehension of the present invention. Although, the experts in the technique consider that the present invention can be put to practice without such specific details. In other cases, the well-known elements have been illustrated in the form of a schematic diagram, having the purpose of not obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details. Furthermore, in its majority, the specific details, and similarities have been omitted to degree that these details are not considered necessary to obtain a complete comprehension of the present invention and it is considered that they are within the understanding of the ordinary experts of the corresponding trade:

Block (IA); is categorized for having elements (1), (3), (4), (5), (6), and (7), they are proper and peculiar forms with embossment (or elevations) and depression on the block (1A), where (1) is a surface with a circular ring like relief or elevation, where its base originates at (4) and increases in a proportionally being greater than (1), so that both form a solid part of the block (1A) giving a convex (male), it has p hollow center (5) in a proportional diameter, that runs along the length of the central axis of the block (1A). The elements (3) are grooves, slots, or canals in a rectangular form parallel to the central axis of the block, (6) is the frontal rectangular surface, that has two sides of the block (1A), the elements (1.1) and (4.1) are similar in form to the elements (1) and (4) but the concave proportional form such that they are compliments (female), (7) is the height in proportion to the form that it part of (1) and (4) that gives as a result concave (male).

The block (2B), is characterized for having the elements (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (7), and (8). They are particular and proper forms in embossment (or elevation) and depressions of the block (2B), where (1), is a circular ring-like embossment surface and is found duplicated, where its base originates at (4) and increases in a proportional manner being greater than (1), for which both form solid part of the same block (2B) giving a convex (male) form, it has 2 proximal hollows and one distant (5) in a proportional diameter, that runs the length of the central axis of the block (2B). The elements (3) are rectangular formed grooves, slots, or canals to the central axis of the block (2B), (8) is the front rectangular surface, and has two sides to the block (2B), the elements (1.1) and (4.1) are similar in form to the elements (1) and (4) only in concave form with such proportion that they are complementary (female), but in double manner.

Block (3C), is shown in FIG. 11C, which has the following particular and proper characteristics. A lateral right and left symmetric side with a vertical rectangular groove, slot, or canal (3) the form of this side is similar to an H, the characteristics that it has are two (10), two (11), and two (3), it is shown in FIG. 12C, two side (12) front and posterior, in a rectangular form and are the larger and are smooth however its angular rugosity or porosity surface allows for easy is adherence of the mortars or plaster finish, reducing the quantity being used and with a better finish, this is shown in FIG. 13C. The bottom part of the block (3C) is shown in FIG. 14C, where the characteristics elements can be seen (3), (2), (1.1) and (4.1) that correspond to the similarity of the concave union, to join to block (2B) or (1A), depending on the arrangement. The top side of the block (3C) is shown in FIG. 15C, where the elements (3), (5), (9), (10), and (13) are shown, the last one is the space where the steel structure can be placed so that a formwork or falsework is not used in the closing chains.

Brief Wall Assembly Description Process of This Invention:

Step 1 place the first line beginning to adhere the block with mortar (1A) or (2B) in order to be able to create the interlocking connections of the second line.

Step 2 the second line is placed beginning with Block (1A) or (2B) depending on the length of the wall and place over the first line creating an interlocking connection, where the blocks that are placed for each two continuous blocks in an adjacent line are (1A) or (2B), will be placed in a line two over them a block (B) that will cover two block (2B) or one (3C) and one adjacent continuous (2B) as it is shown in FIG. 17.

Step 3 is repeated “n” times until the desired height is reached (n is the number of times until the infinite)

Step 4 the block is placed (3C) or of closing or holding interlocking cavity for the steel structure (4D) as it is shown in FIG. 17.

EXAMPLES Parallelepiped Structure With Block Form, Artificially Made of Concrete.

The present invention Parallelepiped Structure with Block form, Artificially Made of Concrete, the ways it can be used is shown in FIG. 16, where it can be observed how the blocks (1A) and (2B) interact to form a wall with steel structure (5H). The building of the wall begins with the blocks (2B) in a horizontal line with the use of mortar as an adherent or adhesive over the base, now cemented known as the base structure, the uses of the block (2B) one adjacent to the other are used according to the length of the desired wall to be built. In some cases, where the adjacent length of the wall does not coincide with the last block (2B) in this case block (1A) will be used. This block is designed in shape to be complementary and always in a general geometric fit, the following superior lines will have interlocking connections, because they have an interlocking (male-female) system of collocating a block (2B) over two blocks (2B) in a geometrical form such that, where the two blocks (2B) in horizontal lines the third block is collocated (2B) over the first base of blocks (2B) beginning to collocate the block (1A) or block. (2B) over the two blocks (2B), provoking a geometric assembly of crossing as is seen in FIG. 16. It can be observed in this example of FIG. 16, how to coordinate the characteristic elements (3) rectangular centers formed by the two blocks (1A) or (2B) adjacent and they are hollow or empty, the elements (2) are rectangular and they are empty and they run through the entire height of the block (2B) and the elements (5) circular that are the hollow or empty centers of the blocks (1A) and (213), the elements (5H) is the steel used in the structural form of the skeleton within the blocks at the beginning or end that are inserted in the elements (5), all of them form a geometric coordination of the assembly, which is a solid construction, strong and resistant to the forces of cargo or load or 90 KgF/m2 to 95 KgF/cm2 and tectonic, additionally these walls possess a resistance to noise because they diminish the exterior decibels like, the interior to less than 30%, they are easier to apply the mortar finish or plaster to, because of their fine surface and their constants of angular structures in their materials that they are made of like some special silicates and zeolites.

The FIG. 17 represents the second example of usage of the blocks (1A), (3C) and (2B) just as the closing with a steel interlock structure (4D). A block line collocation is observed (2B) and that this line may begin with block (1A) or not necessarily, until the line is finished. The second line can begin or not with block (1A) to coordinate the interlocking connection, continuing this until the desired height is reached and finally the placement of the block (3C) which is characterized for its particular and proper form of having an H shape that can hold a steel structure (4D) to form a closing lock without using a formwork or wooden falsework system or other known material for the technique of filling concrete.

The characteristics of the elements that make up the present invention are the following elements, (1) it is characterized for its superior or upper circular border (5) that the size is standardized in all the blocks (1A), (2B), and (3C), the element (4) the centered circular border or, ridge and is greater in proportion to the element (1) being the base of it, the element (7) characterized for being the height 1/11 of height with reference to the height of the blocks (1A), (2B), (3C), additionally its circular trapezoidal form that can be seen in FIG. 2A, to which these elements integrated to (1), (4), (5) and (7) form the protruding concave ring on the superior or top side of all of the blocks (A) and (B), to which they provide a characteristic of union mechanism with the counterpart female of the blocks (1A), (2B) and (3C). At the inferior or bottom part as in (4.1), (1.1) and (5) and possess a convex position similar in proportion to the height of the element (7). Which gives an interlocking connection.

There are other coinciding elements that give combing results between the three types of blocks (1A), (2B) and (3C). Such as the elements (2) and (3) when these are aligned one adjacent to the other or over one and over another, just as the paired interlocking (male-female) connection element. The elements (10), (9), and (13) belong to block (3C) and are-characterized for the rectangular formed cavity, which holds the element (4D) that is the steel structure, in such a way that concrete can be placed without the use of a wooden falsework or framework, or any other known material used to obtain results of ending or closing the connection of the wall or fence. Leaving these structures hidden and with an esthetic finish. The elements (11) are characterized for giving a proportion of protruding height to the block (3C) that gives a concave use to the elements previously mentioned oldie inferior or bottom area (5), (1.1), and (4.1).

The hollow in the blocks, just as the ones that are formed give a reduction in noise of at least 30%, also diminished is the heat coefficient approximately 50%, the interlocking connection to the usage of thy elements (5H) steel, giving a resistance result and internal mobility avoiding fractures due to tectonic or seismic movement, the resistance of its mixture of silicates and zeolites like some bindings agents such as Carboxymethyl Cellulose CMC or polymers, joined with the cement give a resistance of materials to a range of 90 kgF/m2 to 95 kgF/cm2.

Uses of the blocks, in FIG. 18, an example of the uses of the blocks, in a drawn isometric example of closing block usage is -shown in a detached or separated manner (3C), the combination of blocks (1A), (2B) and (3C) can be seen. There can be more combinations depending of the needs. 

I claim:
 1. Parallelepiped Structure with Block Form Artificially Made of Concrete, composed of the following blocks (1A), (2B) and (3C) like its building process.
 2. The block (1A) according to claim 1, because it is characterized for having the elements (1), two (3), (4), (5), two (6), (7) and (4.1), (1.1), which give a peculiar and proper design.
 3. The block (2B) according to claim 1, because it is characterized for having the following elements, two (1), (2), two (3), two (4), two (5), two (8), two (7) and two (4.1), two (1.1), which give a peculiar and proper design.
 4. The block (3C) according to claim 1, because it is characterized for having the following elements, two (1), two (3), two (4) two (5), two (8), two, (⁹), two (10), one (11) forms the concave of the interlocking (male-female)connection of the (male) blocks (1A) or (2B), two (12), and two (4.1), two (1.1), the element two times the (13) which give a particular and proper design.
 5. The process of assembly of walls or blocks according to claim 1, because it contains or comprehends of the steps. Step 1 collocate or place the first line beginning with to fixative, glue, or cement with mortar the block (1A) or (2B) to create the interlocking connection, in the second line. Step 2 the second line is collocated or placed beginning with Block (1A) or (2B) depending on the length of the wall and collocated over the first line creating an interlocking connection where the blocks that are collocated or placed for every two continuous blocks in the adjacent line are (1A) or (2B), there will be two placed over one block in the line (2B) that covers two blocks (2B) or one (3C) and a continuous adjacent (2B) as is shown in FIG.
 17. Step 3 it is repeated the necessary times until the desired height is reached. Step 4 the block (3C) is placed or closing or lock with holding cavity to the steel structure (4D) as shown in FIG.
 17. 6. According to claims 1, 2, 3 and 5 the blocks (1A), (2B) and (3C) are characterized because they can be combined among one another to form a wall or fence of Parallelepiped Structure with Block Form Artificially made of Concrete. 